Tourism covers all aspects of travel whereby people learn about each other's way of life and thought. Tourism is thus an important means of promoting culture relations and international cooperation. Conversely development of culture factors within a nation is a means of enhancing resources to attract visitors. Tourism can be link with “ Culture Relations “ policy. It is used to promote not only knowledge and understanding but also a favorable image of the nation among foreigner in the travel market.

On the contrary, tourism may also serve as a vehicle for terrorism, colonialism, and desecration of culture, exploitation of resources. Because of these diverse motivations, it is imperative that those of us ho work in the travel industry and long for world peace, consider how tourism may be used as a mean to build understanding and tolerance between individuals and nations of the world.

Tourism may consider as a “ tool “ to force for a world peace. People traveling to one country bringing them into contact with each other and, as tourism has an educational element, it can foster understanding between people and cultures and provide culture exchange between host country and guests. Because of this, the chances increase for people to develop mutual sympathy and understanding and to reduce their prejudices. For example ; the Indonesia Culture and Tourism Board participated at Lisboa Travel Fair in Portugal in 2001. The Indonesian participation at this travel fair seems to be considered as a Culture Diplomacy rather than promoting Indonesian tourism ( as Indonesia only taken only one booth ). The cultural diplomacy also used to open new markets for Indonesia tourism; the countries such as Russia, Middle East and China are Indonesia new prominent tourist markets. Since it first success of Indonesia participation at China International Travel Mart in Shanghai in 2000, the number of participants from travel industry increased every years. Indonesia is aggressively to gain the China Market. Several regulations and travel arrangements had been taking down to facilitate and to boost China travelers coming to Indonesia. Indonesia has received Approved Destination Status from the China Government as recognition that Indonesia will be a preferred destination for the People Republic of China.

In the end, sympathy and understanding can lead to decrease of tension in the world and contribute to peace.

Tourism sustainability concerned

Tourism is of the world largest industries and one of its fastest growing economic sector, sustainability for tourism as for other industries has three inter-connected aspects: environmental, socio-culture, and economic. Sustainability implies permanence, so sustainable tourism includes optimum use of resources, including biological diversity minimization of ecological, cultural and socio impacts.

Tourism can cause change or loss of local identity and values, bought about by several closely related influences such as commercialization of local culture into commodities, standardization in the process of satisfying tourists desires for familiar facilities, loss of authenticity and adaptation to tourist demands that have to made changes in design ( for souvenirs, arts and crafts ) of their products to bring them more in line with the new consumers' tastes.

Tourism involves movement of people to different geographical location, and establishment of social relations between people who would otherwise not meet, cultural clashes can take place as a result of differences in cultures, ethnic and religious groups, values and lifestyles, languages, and level of prosperity.

The result can be an overexploitation of the social carrying capacity (limits of acceptable change in the social system inside or around the destination) and cultural carrying capacity (limits of acceptable change in the culture of the host population) of the local community.

Partly due to the above impacts, tourism can create more serious situations where ethnical and even criminal issues are involved. Crime rates typically increase with the growth and urbanization of an area, the growth of mass tourism is often accompanied by increased crime.

Since we cannot realistically expect numerous of tourists to consider these things we must explore ways in which we, as concerned professionals can offer travel experiences that benefit everyone involved.

Educational institutions throughout the world need to recognize the important role of today's travel industry. Successful travel development requires understanding of world cultures, human psychology, religion, politics, energy resources, water and nature conservation, waste management, cross -culture mediation and more.

Tourism for community prosperity

“ Tourism for people “ is a new paradigm, which is generated from the basic concept of “ community based approach “. In this paradigm; tourism development in Indonesia could be as a “ tool “ of government approach in developing a productive “ Social Safety Net “ program, which is leads through the empowering the entire community. Thus tourism development directly may affect the people's economic that resists to the current economic crisis. Through this approach people feel the importance of tourism development in their area that may give social economic benefits, by giving them job's opportunities; social value derived from its development. People will become an important part in integrated tourism development in one area.

It is important to recognize that tourism is not realized through material flows, but through “ personal interrelation” (Sessa 1988). Once this human element is introduced into study of tourism, the limitation of existing mono-disciplinary approaches (economic, geographic, managerial, anthropological etc) are apparent. Tourism is indeed a collection of interrelated elements and multi-disciplinarily approach is indeed to understand the strength and the interrelationships that exist.

The implementation of Community Based Approach in Indonesia is carried out through partnership patterns; between larger scale industries whose larger capitals and resources with small scale industries whose leak of resources and capitals. The partnership patterns in various scales are formulated to up grade all potentials resources in a community, in order to take part and play a significant and strategic role in tourism development. A mutual benefits gained from partnership patterns must be maintained among the tourism professionals, stakeholders, artists, craftsmen, in an area of community,

The following are an example of partnership patterns in between hotels (star rated hotels) with small hotel (home stays), in the field of:

•  On the job training of small hotel employees at star hotel for hotel operations and services such for receptionists, room boys/chamber maids, patisseries, cooks, etc;

•  Managerial training including financial managements, accounting, cashiers, and marketing;

The Partnership Patterns are also applied between star hotels with its surrounding community, where community become suppliers of hotels dairy products, for example they may sell their agricultural products or fishery to the hotels, or Indonesia traditional Batik for hotel's bed covers and also handicrafts to be sold at hotel stores. In a certain occasion the hotel use the local arts or dance training center to let the local dancers to give cultural performances at the hotels. A country heritage can survive the introduction of the industry through tourism, the cultural climate may be enhancing while also providing the visitor new experiences, otherwise possibly missed. By this means people's prosperity in a tourism area may contribute to the building a cultural of peach through tourism.

The Government roles

The government has an important role to build a culture of peace through tourism. Tourism is running based on the existence of three basic elements of tourism products namely Public goods, Private goods and Mix goods. The success of tourism development in one area or destination is depending on the availability of public groups infrastructures such as roads, airports, electricity, transportation networks and more. If we look at Singapore, which is relatively small country with limited natural resources, but in fact tourism in Singapore growing up rapidly. Visitor arrivals in Singapore expected to achieve 15 millions by the end of the year 2003. Why so? Because Singapore may declare the cleanest city in Asia, it has well of infrastructures, magnificent airport facilities, good shopping places, good roods and traffic signs which will reduce traffic accidents, the tourists feel secure to cross the road. The transportation networks such as Mass Rapid Transports (Marts) are clean, safe and punctual. The tourists do not have to worry of sanitation when they eat at sidewalk cafes or restaurants. Now we look at Indonesia especially Jakarta the capital city as tourist destination. Jakarta is very density city with over 12 million people living in, most of them are urban, and people come to Jakarta from the regions to find jobs and survival. The rates of urbanization increase annually especially for un-skill workers. The city government policy regarding to urbanization are very week. The increase of unemployment rate will stimulate an increase of the crime rate and the unrest situation. Safety is will becoming the main concern, especially safety for tourist while they are thousand miles away from home. The sanitation problems are also the main concern to receive tourists, such as the cleanliness of public toilets. In Korea even they are very much concern about this matters, the KNTO ( Korea National Tourism Organization ) has launch a competition for the best and the cleanest public toilets.

The city traffic has a significant role to build a cultural peace, such as the manner of the drivers' especially public transportations will reduce the traffic jams, all of these will lead to orderliness. The government may control over the quality of the tourism services industry, especially for small scale business units, such as by giving them certifications, for example a restaurant may put a certificate issued by city government of Jakarta “ Recommended for Tourists “, It is also applied to the other related tourism services industry such as souvenir shops ( like silver works ), the transportations, and more. All of these may consider as tourism products, which are consumed by tourists since they are, depart from their homes. All of the tourism products especially the public goods are controlled by the government as well as the quality of tourism services is not exempt from the government concerned.

Conclusion
The foundation stones for building a culture of peace through tourism have already been laid. Intelligent and compassionate individuals from all over the world have been applying the concepts of thoughtful and sustainable cross-cultural tourism for decades. Yet, unless one is truly listening, it is difficult to hear their voices over the random din and chaos of profit-driven mass tourism.

With the cooperative efforts of government leaders, educators and industry professionals, we can guide the nature of tourism along a more peaceful path. We can foster innovative ideas for local, cross-border and regional projects. We can protect heritage sites, wilderness areas and endangered species. We can help to create and maintain a just economic balance between nations. Most immediately, we can steer travelers and hosts towards paths of personal enrichment and joy, by investigating, encouraging and promoting sustainable, peaceful tourism programs.

Jakarta, January 2003